En la cuerda floja: La experiencia y la división entre ciencias de la naturaleza y ciencias del espíritu

Juan Felipe Guevara Aristizábal

doi:10.59437/cuj.v2i1.29

Authors

Juan Felipe Guevara Aristizábal Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Cuajimalpa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59437/cuj.v2i1.29

Keywords:

methodolosy of science, unity of science, liberalism, Kant, experimenting

Abstract

In Germany's second half of the nineteenth century, we witnessed an intense controversy that divided the sciences. On the one side, the natural sciences tried to enclose the domain of the empirical to that which was capable of rendering universal natural laws to explain reality. On the other side, the moral sciences saw a flourishing of different perspectives, among which one could find adapting to the natural sciences model or a claim for an independent and autonomous model where empirical experience was not exhausted by the methodology of the natural sciences. A broader outlook of the controversy reveals other aspects of the discussion, like the problem of the unity of science and national unity, liberalism as a progressive political program, and the alliances forged with industrial capitalism and the bourgeoisie. Recovering this dense entanglement bring into question the place of experience and invigorates an exploration of a philosophical episode where experience was distributed: Kant's critical philosophy. Returning to Kant's questions before the divide between theoretical and practical philosophy enables a reconsideration of the bordering nature of experience.

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